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1988 American dark fantasy drama picture show directed by Ron Howard

Willow
Willow movie.jpg

Theatrical release poster by John Alvin
Directed by Ron Howard
Screenplay by Bob Dolman
Story by George Lucas
Produced past Nigel Wooll
Starring
  • Warwick Davis
  • Val Kilmer
  • Joanne Whalley
  • Billy Barty
  • Jean Marsh
Cinematography Adrian Biddle
Edited by
  • Daniel P. Hanley
  • Mike Hill
  • Richard Hiscott
Music past James Horner

Production
companies
  • Lucasfilm Ltd.
  • Imagine Entertainment
Distributed past
  • MGM/UA Distribution Co. (Us)
  • United International Pictures (International)

Release date
  • May twenty, 1988 (1988-05-20) (United states of america)

Running time

 126 minutes[1]
Land United states[two]
Language English language
Upkeep $35 1000000[three]
Box office $137.six million

Willow is a 1988 American dark fantasy drama moving picture directed past Ron Howard. It was produced by George Lucas and written past Bob Dolman from a story by Lucas. The film stars Warwick Davis, Val Kilmer, Joanne Whalley, Jean Marsh, and Billy Barty. Davis plays Willow, a reluctant farmer who plays a disquisitional role in protecting a babe from a tyrannical queen who vows to destroy her and have over the world.

Lucas conceived the thought for the film in 1972, approaching Howard to direct during the post-production stage of Cocoon in 1985. Bob Dolman was brought in to write the screenplay, coming upwardly with seven drafts before finishing in late 1986. It was then set up at Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and primary photography began in April 1987, finishing the following October. The majority of filming took place in Dinorwic quarry in Wales with some at Elstree Studios in Hertfordshire, equally well as a pocket-size section in New Zealand. Industrial Light & Magic created the visual effects sequences, which led to a revolutionary quantum with digital morphing technology.

The flick was released in 1988 to mixed reviews from critics. It grossed $137.6 meg worldwide against a $35 million budget. While not the blockbuster some expected, it turned a turn a profit based on international box role returns and strong domicile video and television set returns. Additionally, it received 2 Academy Honour nominations.

A television receiver serial based on the film is in development, scheduled to be released on Disney+ in 2022.

Plot [edit]

To prevent the fulfillment of a prophecy that a kid with a special rune birthmark will bring about her downfall, the evil sorceress Queen Bavmorda of Nockmaar imprisons all pregnant women in her domain. The foretold kid is built-in, but her mother persuades the midwife to smuggle the baby out of the castle. Bavmorda executes the mother and sends her wolf-like Nockmaar hounds after the midwife. The midwife sets the babe adrift on a grass raft earlier she is killed by the dogs, and Bavmorda sends her girl Sorsha and an ground forces, led by Full general Kael, to hunt down the baby.

Some distance downriver, a village of Nelwyn (little people) prepares for a festival. The baby is constitute past the children of farmer and aspiring sorcerer Willow Ufgood, and his family unit takes her in and comes to love her. At the festival, a Nockmaar hound arrives and attacks all the cradles it finds. After the Nelwyn warriors kill information technology, Willow presents the baby to the village leader, the High Aldwin, as the probable reason for the dog's appearance. The Loftier Aldwin orders the baby must render to a Daikini (tall people) family, and so Willow and a party of volunteers fix out to detect one.

At a crossroads, they detect Madmartigan, a mercenary trapped in a crow's muzzle, who offers to take the baby in substitution for his liberty. The majority of the Nelwyn think that they should give the baby to him, but Willow and his friend Meegosh pass up, causing the others to abandon them and become home. After meeting Madmartigan'due south old comrade Airk, on his way with an army to attack Bavmorda, Willow relents and agrees to Madmartigan'southward terms.

On the way home, Willow and Meegosh discover that some brownies have stolen the baby, and pursue them. They are captured by the brownies, but Fairy Queen Cherlindrea frees them and explains the baby is Elora Danan, the foretold Princess of Tir Asleen. She gives Willow a magic wand and sends him to find Fin Raziel, an aging enchantress.

Willow sends Meegosh dwelling house, and continues the journeying in the company of two of the brownies, Franjean and Rool. On the mode, he re-encounters Madmartigan, who is hiding from his mistress'south husband Llug. Sorsha and Kael's army arrives, but Madmartigan is revealed as a human to Llug, who starts a brawl which helps Willow and Madmartigan escape with the infant.

Madmartigan, seemingly reluctantly, leads Willow to the lake where Raziel lives. They are captured shortly thereafter, along with Raziel, who has been turned into a brushtail possum by Bavmorda. Willow tries to restore her, merely he turns her into a rook.

The brownies accidentally dose Madmartigan with Love Potion. He declares undying beloved for Sorsha, but she is skeptical. Willow's party flees, finding Airk and the remnants of his army after Bavmorda defeated them. When the Nockmaar army pursues, Madmartigan takes Sorsha hostage, and they flee again. However, Sorsha manages to escape.

Willow's party arrives at Tir Asleen, only to find it cursed and overrun with trolls. Kael's army arrives, and Madmartigan and Willow attempt to fend them off. Sorsha, realizing she has fallen in love with Madmartigan, defects to his side. Willow accidentally turns a troll into a two-headed Eborsisk monster with the wand, and in the chaos that ensues, Kael kidnaps Elora and takes her back to Nockmaar Castle. Bavmorda orders preparation of a ritual to banish Elora from the world forever.

Airk's army arrives and Willow'southward party joins them, only Bavmorda casts a spell to plow them all to pigs. Willow uses the wand to protect himself earlier finally restoring Raziel to her humanoid form. She breaks Bavmorda's spell over the ground forces, and they trick their way into the castle. Kael slays Airk, but Madmartigan avenges him, and Willow, Sorsha, and Raziel confront Bavmorda in the ritual bedroom. After a grueling fight, Bavmorda incapacitates Raziel and Sorsha. Willow uses sleight-of-hand to trick Bavmorda into thinking he has made Elora disappear. Bavmorda attacks him, simply accidentally spills some of the ritual blood, banishing herself from the world forever.

Willow is gifted a spellbook by Raziel. Madmartigan and Sorsha adopt Elora and go to live with her in the restored Tir Asleen, while Willow returns domicile to his hamlet and family unit in triumph.

Cast [edit]

  • Warwick Davis as Willow Ufgood, a Nelwyn dwarf and aspiring magician who plays a critical function in protecting infant Elora Danan from the evil queen Bavmorda.
  • Val Kilmer as Madmartigan, a exhibitionistic immured mercenary swordsman who helps Willow on his quest.
  • Kate and Ruth Greenfield/Rebecca Bearman equally Elora Danan, an infant princess that prophecy says will bring about Queen Bavmorda'southward downfall.
  • Joanne Whalley as Sorsha, Bavmorda's warrior daughter who turns against her female parent when she falls in love with Madmartigan.
  • Jean Marsh as Queen Bavmorda, the villainous ruler of Nockmaar, a powerful black sorceress and mother of Sorsha.
  • Patricia Hayes equally Fin Raziel, the aging sorceress who is turned into a brush tailed possum due to a curse from Bavmorda.
  • Baton Barty as The High Aldwin, the Nelwyn wizard who commissions Willow to keep his journeying, realizing the potential that Willow possesses in magic.
  • Pat Roach as Full general Kael, the villainous associate to Queen Bavmorda and high commander of her army.
  • Gavan O'Herlihy as Airk Thaughbaer, the military commander of the destroyed kingdom of Galladoorn who shares a mixed friendship with Madmartigan.
  • Maria Holvöe as Cherlindrea, the fairy queen who resides in the forest and updates Willow on the importance of his quest.
  • Kevin Pollak and Rick Overton every bit Rool and Franjean, a brownie duo who too serve as comic relief in Willow'south journey.
  • David J. Steinberg equally Meegosh, Willow'south closest friend who accompanies Willow partway on his journey.
  • Mark Northover every bit Burglekutt, the leader of the Nelwyn village council who maintains a running enmity with Willow.
  • Phil Fondacaro as Vohnkar, a Nelwyn warrior who besides accompanies Willow partway on his journey.
  • Julie Peters as Kaiya Ufgood, Willow's wife; a loving female parent and enthusiastic in caring for Elora.
  • Malcolm Dixon every bit a Nelwyn warrior.
  • Tony Cox every bit a Nelwyn warrior.
  • Kenny Bakery as Nelwyn Band Member (uncredited)
  • Zulema Dene equally Ethna, the midwife.
  • Sallyanne Law as Elora Danan's female parent.

Production [edit]

Evolution [edit]

George Lucas conceived the idea for the film (originally titled Munchkins) in 1972. Like in intent to Star Wars, he created "a number of well-known mythological situations for a young audience".[iv] [5] During the product of Return of the Jedi in 1982, Lucas approached Warwick Davis, who was portraying Wicket the Ewok, about playing Willow Ufgood. Five years passed before he was really bandage in the role. Lucas "thought it would be great to utilise a lilliputian person in a lead office. A lot of my movies are almost a piffling guy against the organization, and this was just a more literal estimation of that thought."[iv]

Lucas explained that he had to expect until the mid-1980s to brand the film considering visual effects technology was finally advanced enough to execute his vision.[five] Meanwhile, player-turned-director Ron Howard was looking to practice a fantasy film. He was at Industrial Light & Magic during the post-product phase of Cocoon, when he was first approached by Lucas to direct Willow. He had previously starred in Lucas's American Graffiti,[vi] and Lucas felt that he and Howard shared a symbiotic human relationship similar to the one he enjoyed with Steven Spielberg. Howard nominated Bob Dolman to write the screenplay based on Lucas'due south story. Dolman had worked with him on a 1983 idiot box pilot called Lilliputian Shots that had not resulted in a series, and Lucas admired Dolman's work on the sitcom WKRP in Cincinnati.[7]

Dolman joined Howard and Lucas at Skywalker Ranch for a series of lengthy story conferences, and wrote 7 drafts of his script between the spring and fall of 1986.[7] Pre-production began in late 1986. Various major flick studios turned downwards the chance to distribute and co-finance information technology with Lucasfilm because they believed the fantasy genre was unsuccessful. This was largely due to films such every bit Krull, Legend, Dragonslayer, and Labyrinth.[8] Lucas took it to Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM), which was headed by Alan Ladd Jr. Ladd and Lucas shared a human relationship as far dorsum every bit the mid-1970s, when Ladd, running 20th Century Fox, greenlighted Lucas's idea for Star Wars.[nine] Still, in 1986, MGM was facing fiscal troubles, and major investment in a fantasy pic was perceived as a risk. Ladd advanced half the $35 meg upkeep for it in render for theatrical and television rights, leaving Lucasfilm with dwelling house video and pay television receiver rights to offering in exchange for the other half.[nine] RCA/Columbia Pictures Dwelling house Video paid $15 1000000 to Lucas in exchange for the video rights.[10]

Lucas named the character of General Kael (Pat Roach) afterward motion-picture show critic Pauline Kael,[11] a fact that was non lost on Kael in her printed review of the pic. She referred to General Kael as an "homage a moi". Similarly, the two-headed dragon was called an "Eborsisk" after motion-picture show critics Gene Siskel and Roger Ebert.[3]

Filming [edit]

Principal photography began on April two, 1987, and ended the post-obit October. Interior footage took place at Elstree Studios in Hertfordshire, England, while location shooting took identify in Dinorwic quarry, Wales and New Zealand.[ix] Lucas initially visualized shooting the film similar to Return of the Jedi, with studio scenes at Elstree and locations in Northern California, but the idea eventually faded. All the same, some exteriors were done around Skywalker Ranch and on location at Burney Falls, near Mount Shasta.[12] The Chinese government refused Lucas the chance for a brief location shoot. He then sent a group of photographers to Due south China to photograph specific scenery, which was then used for groundwork blue screen footage. Tongariro National Park in New Zealand was chosen to house Bavmorda's castle.[12]

Some of the waterfalls scenes for the moving-picture show were shot at Burney Falls in Northern California, although Powerscourt Waterfall in Ireland was likewise used for other scenes.[xiii]

Visual furnishings [edit]

A little man in a hooded cloak with his back to the camera holds a lightening wand toward a two-legged animal that appears to be part goat and part ostrich.

Willow attempts to restore Fin Raziel to human form.

Lucasfilm'due south Industrial Low-cal & Magic (ILM) created the visual effects sequences. The script chosen for Willow to restore Fin Raziel (Patricia Hayes) from a caprine animal to her man form. Willow recites what he thinks is the appropriate spell, but turns the goat into an ostrich, a peacock, a tortoise and, finally, a tiger, before returning her to normal. ILM supervisor Dennis Muren considered using stop motion animation for the scene.[fourteen] He besides explained that some other traditional and practical manner in the belatedly 1980s to execute this sequence would accept been through the use of an optical dissolve with cutaways at various stages.[9]

Muren constitute both stop motion and optical effects to exist too technically challenging and decided that the transformation scene would be a perfect opportunity for ILM to create advances with digital morphing engineering science. He proposed filming each animal, and the actress doubling for Hayes, and then feeding the images into a figurer program developed by Doug Smythe.[nine] The program would so create a smooth transition from i stage to some other before outputting the result back onto picture. Smythe began development of the necessary software in September 1987. Past March 1988, Muren and beau designer David Allen accomplished what would represent a breakthrough for calculator-generated imagery (CGI).[nine] The techniques adult for the sequence were afterwards utilized by ILM for Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade, Terminator 2: Judgment Day, and Star Trek Half-dozen: The Undiscovered Land.[fifteen]

The head of ILM's blitheness department, Wes Takahashi, supervised the film's animation sequences.[16]

Soundtrack [edit]

Willow
Soundtrack anthology by

James Horner
Released 1988
Genre Film music
Length 69:23
Label Virgin
Producer James Horner, Shawn Murphy

The picture show score was written past James Horner and performed by the London Symphony Orchestra.[17]

"I am a musicologist, a medico of music. Therefore I listened to, studied and analysed a lot of music. I also bask metaphors, the fine art of quoting and of cycles. The harmonic typhoon of the Willow score, and about peculiarly its spiritual side, came from such a cycle, from such mythology and music history that I was taught, and that I myself convey with my own emotions and compositions."[18]

Eclectic influences on the score include Leoš Janáček's Glagolitic Mass, Mozart's "Requiem", "The Ix Splendid Stags" from Béla Bartók, Edvard Grieg'southward "Arabian Dance" for the theater play Peer Gynt, and compositions by Sergei Prokofiev.[eighteen]

"Willow's Theme" purposefully (come across Horner'southward quote above) contains a reworking/alteration of part of the theme of the starting time movement ("Lebhaft") of Robert Schumann'due south Symphony No. 3 referencing it, while "Elora Danan's Theme" shows a reference to the Bulgarian folk song "Mir Stanke Le" (Мир Станке ле), also known as the "Harvest Song from Thrace".

Track listing[17]
  1. "Elora Danan" – 9:45
  2. "Escape from the Tavern" – 5:04
  3. "Willow's Journey Begins" – v:26
  4. "Canyon of Mazes" – 7:52
  5. "Tir Asleen" – 10:47
  6. "Willow's Theme" – 3:54
  7. "Bavmorda's Spell is Cast" – eighteen:xi
  8. "Willow the Sorcerer" – 11:55

Release [edit]

Box part [edit]

The motion picture was shown and promoted at the 1988 Cannes Film Festival.[19] [20] It was released on May 20, 1988, in 1,209 theaters, earning $eight,300,169 in its opening weekend, placing number 1 at the weekend box office. Lucas had hoped it would earn every bit much coin equally E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial,[20] but the film faced early competition with Crocodile Dundee II, Big and Rambo III.[21] Grossing $57.three million at the box office in the U.s.a. and Canada[22] it was not the blockbuster hit insiders had anticipated.[23] The pic opened in Japan in July and grossed $16.7 meg in its first seven weeks, MGM's highest-grossing film in Nippon at the time.[24] It performed well in other international markets, grossing $80.iii million[25] [26] for a worldwide full of $137.half dozen meg. Strong home video, and tv sales added to its profits.[27]

Critical reception [edit]

Willow was released to mixed reviews from critics.[20] As of October 2021[update], based on 56 reviews collected past Rotten Tomatoes, information technology reported a "Rotten" 52% rating, with an average score of 5.ix/10. The critical consensus reads, "State-of-the-art special furnishings and an appealing operation from Warwick Davis can't quite save Willow from its boring footstep and generic story."[28] On Metacritic, the movie has a score of 47 out of 100 based on 12 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews".[29] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the pic an average class of "A-" on an A+ to F scale.[xxx]

Janet Maslin from The New York Times praised Lucas's storytelling, but was critical of Ron Howard's direction. "Howard appears to have had his easily full in but harnessing the special effects," Maslin said.[31]

Siskel & Ebert gave information technology Two Thumbs Downwards.

Desson Thomson writing in The Washington Mail service, explained "Rob Reiner's similar fairytale adventure The Princess Helpmate (which the cinematographer Adrian Biddle also shot) managed to evoke volumes more without razzle-dazzle. It's a sad matter to be faulting Lucas, maker of the Star Wars trilogy and Raiders of the Lost Ark, for forgetting the tricks of amusement."[32] Mike Clark in U.s.a. Today wrote that "the rainstorm wrap-up, in which Good edges Evil is like Led Zeppelin Meets The Wild Agglomeration. The film is probably too much for young children and perhaps too much of the aforementioned for cynics. Just any 6–13-year-old who sees this may be bitten past the 'movie bug' for life."[9]

Accolades [edit]

At the University Awards, the picture was nominated for Sound Effects Editing and Visual Furnishings, but lost both to Who Framed Roger Rabbit, which was similarly washed by Industrial Light & Magic.[33] It won All-time Costume Design at the Saturn Awards, where information technology was also nominated for Warwick Davis for Best Functioning by a Younger Actor (lost to Fred Savage for Vice Versa) and Jean Marsh for Best Supporting Extra (lost to Sylvia Sidney for Beetlejuice). Information technology also lost Best Fantasy Film[34] and the Hugo Accolade for Best Dramatic Presentation to Who Framed Roger Rabbit.[35] Information technology was also nominated for two Gilt Raspberry Awards including Worst Screenplay, which lost to Cocktail and Worst Supporting Thespian for Billy Barty, who lost to Dan Aykroyd for Caddyshack II.[36]

Home media [edit]

The picture show was commencement released on VHS, Betamax, Video 8, and LaserDisc on Nov 22, 1988 by RCA Columbia Pictures Home Video and had multiple re-releases on VHS in the 1990s under Columbia-TriStar Dwelling house Video too as a Widescreen LaserDisc in 1995. 20th Century Trick Home Entertainment re-released the film on VHS and on DVD for the first time as a "special edition" in November 2001. The release included an audio commentary past Warwick Davis and two "making of" featurettes. In the commentary, Davis confirms that there were a number of "lost scenes" previously rumored to have been deleted from it including a battle in the valley, Willow battling a boy who transforms into a shark in a lake while retrieving Fin Raziel, and an extended sorceress duel at the climax.[37] 20th Century Trick Home Entertainment released the motion picture on Blu-ray Disc on March 12, 2013, with an all-new digital transfer overseen by Lucasfilm.[38] Following Disney'due south acquisition of Lucasfilm, the film was re-released past Walt Disney Studios Abode Entertainment on Blu-ray, DVD, and Digital (for the outset time) on January 29, 2019, and was later made available to stream on Disney+ when the service launched on November 12, 2019.

Other media [edit]

Lath game [edit]

In 1988, Tor Books released The Willow Game,[39] a two- to vi-player adventure board game based on the film and designed by Greg Costikyan.

Video games [edit]

Three video games based on the film were released. Mindscape published an action game in 1988 for Amiga, Atari ST, Commodore 64, and DOS.[40] Japanese game developer Capcom published two dissimilar games in 1989 based on the film; the outset Willow is a platform game for the arcades and the second Willow game is a role-playing game for the Nintendo Entertainment System.[41] [42]

Novels [edit]

Wayland Drew adapted Lucas's story into a motion-picture show novel,[43] providing boosted background information to several major characters and various additional scenes, including an encounter with a lake monster near Razel's island which was filmed, simply ultimately not used in the movie. A segment of that scene'south filmed material tin be institute in the DVD's "Making of Willow" documentary.

Lucas outlined the Chronicles of the Shadow State of war trilogy to follow the moving-picture show and hired comic book author/novelist Chris Claremont to arrange them into a series of books. They take identify about fifteen years afterwards the original film and characteristic the teenage Elora Danan as a central character. Madmartigan and Sorsha are killed off most immediately in the start book and play no further part in the series.

  1. Shadow Moon (1995) ISBN 0-553-57285-7
  2. Shadow Dawn (1996) ISBN 0-553-57289-10
  3. Shadow Star (2000) ISBN 0-553-57288-1

Television series [edit]

Showtime in 2005, Lucas and Davis discussed the possibility of a tv serial serving as a sequel to Willow.[44] Throughout the years, in various interviews, Davis expressed interest in reprising his part equally the championship character.[45] [46] [47]

By May 2018, Howard confirmed that there were ongoing discussions regarding a sequel, while confirming the projection would non exist called Willow two.[48] In 2019, Ron Howard announced that a sequel television series is currently in development, with intentions for the series to be exclusively released on the Disney+ streaming service. Jonathan Kasdan volition write the television serial, while Warwick Davis will reprise his part from the original motion picture.[49] [fifty] [51] George Lucas will not participate in this series.

In Oct 2020, the serial was officially green-lit by Disney+, with Ron Howard prepare to executive produce the series alongside Kasdan, Wendy Mericle, and Jon Thou. Chu. Chu will direct the series kickoff episode, with Kasdan and Mericle serving as showrunners, Warwick Davis reprising his role as Willow Ufgood, and Bob Dolman serving as a consulting producer.[52] In Dec 2020, information technology was announced the show would be released in 2022.[53] In January 2021, Chu left his directorial duties due to production moving towards the summertime and information technology corresponding with birth of his next kid.[54]

That same month, it was revealed that Jonathan Entwistle had officially been hired to replace Chu as director, with filming commencing in Spring 2021[55] in Wales.[56] According to Wales Online, the serial "revisits the story of Willow Ufgood (Davis), a wizard, and also stars ... Ellie Bamber and ... Erin Kellyman".[57]

In November 2021, a promo video featuring the cast of the serial was released for the Disney+ Twenty-four hour period.

References [edit]

  1. ^ "WILLOW (PG)". British Board of Film Classification. November 17, 1988. Archived from the original on November 5, 2014. Retrieved Nov 4, 2014.
  2. ^ "Willow (1988)". American Film Institute . Retrieved November 10, 2017.
  3. ^ a b Gray, Beverly. Ron Howard: from Mayberry to the moon-and beyond, page 134. Rutledge Colina Printing, Nashville, Tennessee (2003). ISBN one-55853-970-0.
  4. ^ a b Hearn, Marcus (2005). The Movie theatre of George Lucas. New York City: Harry N. Abrams, Inc. p. 153. ISBN0-8109-4968-vii.
  5. ^ a b Harmetz, Aljean (May 21, 1987). "'Star Wars' Is ten, And Lucas Reflects". The New York Times . Retrieved October 19, 2015.
  6. ^ Howard, Ron (2005). "Forward". The Movie theatre of George Lucas. New York Urban center: Harry N. Abrams, Inc. ISBN0-8109-4968-7.
  7. ^ a b Hearn, p.154-155
  8. ^ Harmetz, Aljean (June 9, 1988). "A Pained Lucas Ponders Attacks on 'Willow'". The New York Times. Archived from the original on March seven, 2016. Retrieved October 19, 2015.
  9. ^ a b c d due east f g Hearn, p.156-157
  10. ^ Wasko, Janet (June 26, 2013). Hollywood in the Information Age: Beyond the Silver Screen. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN9780745678337.
  11. ^ Van Gelder, Lawrence (September 4, 2001). "Pauline Kael, Provocative and Widely Imitated New Yorker Film Critic, Dies at 82". The New York Times . Retrieved July 13, 2008.
  12. ^ a b Baxter, John (October 1999). Mythmaker: The Life and Work of George Lucas. New York City: Avon. pp. 365–366. ISBN0-380-97833-4.
  13. ^ Where Was Willow Filmed: All Locations
  14. ^ Baxter, p.367
  15. ^ Failes, Ian (Apr 3, 2018). "Over xxx Years, WILLOW has Morphed into an Effects Classic". VFX Voice . Retrieved April 4, 2018.
  16. ^ "Subject: Wes Ford Takahashi". Animators' Hall of Fame. Archived from the original on Baronial 12, 2016. Retrieved June 14, 2016.
  17. ^ a b Hobart, Tavia. "Willow [Original Score]". AllMusic . Retrieved January twenty, 2009.
  18. ^ a b Martin, Jean-Baptiste (June 3, 2013). "Willow: Between Quotes". jameshorner-filmmusic.com. Archived from the original on January 5, 2014. Retrieved Jan 4, 2014.
  19. ^ "Festival de Cannes: Willow". festival-cannes.com. Archived from the original on August 7, 2012. Retrieved July 31, 2009.
  20. ^ a b c Baxter, p.372
  21. ^ "'Crocodile Dundee Ii' Top Film at Box Office". The New York Times. Associated Press. June 9, 1988. Archived from the original on March 7, 2016. Retrieved October 19, 2015.
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  24. ^ "'Willow' Elevation Grosser For MGM in Nihon". Multifariousness. October v, 1988. p. 5.
  25. ^ "MGM/UA International had a tape breaking year (ad)". Multifariousness. August nine, 1989. pp. 30–31.
  26. ^ Groves, Don (August 9, 1989). "UIP Up, Upwards and Abroad For Year; Rentals Take Off". Variety. p. xi.
  27. ^ Maltby, Richard. Hollywood cinema: 2nd edition, folio 198. Blackwell Publishing, UK (1994). ISBN 0-631-21614-6.
  28. ^ "Willow". Rotten Tomatoes. Fandango. Retrieved Oct 6, 2021. Edit this at Wikidata
  29. ^ Willow (1998) Reviews, Metacritic, retrieved February 24, 2022
  30. ^ "Dwelling". CinemaScore . Retrieved February 24, 2022.
  31. ^ Maslin, Janet (May xx, 1988). "'Willow,' a George Lucas Product". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 27, 2016. Retrieved October xix, 2015.
  32. ^ Desson, Howe (May 20, 1988). "Willow". The Washington Post . Retrieved October 19, 2015.
  33. ^ "Willow". Academy of Motility Movie Arts and Sciences . Retrieved Dec 23, 2008. [ permanent dead link ]
  34. ^ "Past Saturn Awards". Academy of Science Fiction, Fantasy & Horror Films. Archived from the original on December 19, 2008. Retrieved Dec 23, 2008.
  35. ^ "1989 Hugo Awards". Internet Movie Database. Archived from the original on June 6, 2009. Retrieved December 23, 2008.
  36. ^ "9th Annual RAZZIE Awards (for 1988)". Golden Raspberry Award Foundation. Archived from the original on May thirty, 2009. Retrieved December 23, 2008.
  37. ^ "Willow (Special Edition) (1988)". Amazon.com. Archived from the original on December 20, 2008. Retrieved December 23, 2008.
  38. ^ Neuwirth, Aaron. "WILLOW Comes To Blu-ray For The First Fourth dimension In March". Archived from the original on December 17, 2012. Retrieved December 17, 2012.
  39. ^ "The Willow Game (1988)". BoardGameGeek. Archived from the original on July 7, 2015. Retrieved Nov 25, 2014.
  40. ^ "Willow for Amiga, Atari ST, Commodore 64, DOS". MobyGames. Archived from the original on December xx, 2016. Retrieved February 15, 2017.
  41. ^ "The Unconverted: Arcade Games that never made information technology Home". Retro Gamer. No. 123. Imagine Publishing. December 2013. p. 82.
  42. ^ "Sala de Maquinas". Superjuegos. No. 82. February 1999. p. 118.
  43. ^ Drew, Wayland, Bob Dolman, and George Lucas. Willow: A Novel. New York: Ballantine Books, 1988. ISBN 0345351959.
  44. ^ Vespe, Eric "Quint" (April 24, 2005). "Commemoration is had by many a STAR WARS geek! Lucas talks! Footage shown! Details here!". Ain't It Absurd News. Archived from the original on May 31, 2009. Retrieved December 23, 2008.
  45. ^ "Warwick Davis talks Episode VIII 'cliffhanger'". NewsComAu. September 30, 2016.
  46. ^ Adler, Shawn (June 13, 2008). "Warwick Davis Enthusiastic About Possibility For 'Willow 2'". MTV News . Retrieved December 23, 2008.
  47. ^ Larnick, Eric (March 12, 2013). "Warwick Davis, 'Willow' Star, on the 25th Anniversary, Sequel Plans, and George Lucas (EXCLUSIVE)". moviefone.com. Archived from the original on June 10, 2013.
  48. ^ "Exclusive: Ron Howard Confirms 'Willow' Sequel Discussions". Star Wars.
  49. ^ Josh Horowitz [@joshuahorowitz] (Apr 30, 2019). "DISNEY+ is developing a WILLOW serial based on a pitch by @JonKasdan. It's a continuation and would feature @WarwickADavis. Straight from @RealRonHoward'south mouth to a greenlight delight!!! Y'all in, @valkilmer?" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  50. ^ Butler, Mary Anne (May one, 2019). "Ron Howard Confirms 'Willow' TV Serial Talks for Disney+, with Warwick Davis". Haemorrhage Cool . Retrieved May 1, 2019.
  51. ^ Thorne, Will (May 1, 2019). "Ron Howard in Talks for 'Willow' Sequel Series at Disney+". Variety . Retrieved May 2, 2019.
  52. ^ "'Willow' Series a Become at Disney+ | Hollywood Reporter". world wide web.hollywoodreporter.com . Retrieved Oct twenty, 2020.
  53. ^ @StarWars (Dec x, 2020). "Willow, an Original Series from Lucasfilm starring Warwick Davis, with airplane pilot directed by @JonMChu, is coming in 2022 to @DisneyPlus" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  54. ^ "Jon Thou. Chu Steps Abroad From Directing Disney's Willow". TV Shows . Retrieved January 11, 2021.
  55. ^ "'Willow': Disney+ Serial Finds Its Managing director with 'I'thousand Not Okay With This' Co-Creator (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter. January 29, 2021. Retrieved Jan 29, 2021.
  56. ^ Willow Disney+ Series Gets I'thou Not Okay with This Co-Creator to Direct
  57. ^ The huge Disney+, Sky and Netflix TV shows and films beingness filmed in Wales right now February 18, 2021

Further reading [edit]

  • Drew, Wayland (January 1988). Willow: A Novel. Del Rey Books. ISBN978-0-345-35195-1. (Novelization of the moving-picture show)
  • Duffy, Jo (January 1988). Willow. St. Martin'south Press. ISBN978-0-87135-367-two. (Comic book adaptation of the film)
  • Varney, Allen Westward.; Goldberg, Eric (September 1988). The Willow Sourcebook. St. Martin's Press. ISBN978-0-312-93083-7.

External links [edit]

  • Willow at Lucasfilm.com
  • Willow at the American Film Institute Catalog
  • Willow at Box Office Mojo
  • Willow at IMDb
  • Willow at Rotten Tomatoes
  • Willow at the TCM Movie Database

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willow_(film)

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